AN INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF FIQH

The Definition of Fiqh

The term “Fiqh” in its linguistic sense means “understanding” (الفهم). In classical Arabic usage, it refers to deep comprehension, as illustrated by a Bedouin who said to Jesus (‘Eesa): شهدت عليك بالفهم (I have testified about your understanding). Similarly, in another instance, it was said to Prophet Muhammad, “ما نفقه كثيراً مما تقول” (We do not understand much of what you say), emphasizing the aspect of comprehension. According to the lexicon As-Sihaah, the verb “فقه” is used in the context of understanding speech. Over time, the term “Fiqh” has come to be specifically associated with the knowledge of Islamic jurisprudence (الشريعة), focusing on understanding and interpreting Islamic law.